Update benchmark results

README.md

@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ TODO: Write the documentation in more detail here.
 
 ## Benchmarks
 
-Performance is generally on par with [postgres-js][1] and up to **5x faster** than [deno-postgres][2]. Keep in mind that database driver benchmarks are largely dependent on the database performance itself and does not necessarily represent accurate real-world performance.
+Performance is generally on par with [postgres.js][1] and up to **5x faster** than [deno-postgres][2]. Keep in mind that database driver benchmarks are largely dependent on the database performance itself and does not necessarily represent accurate real-world performance.
 
 Tested on a 4 core, 2800 MHz, x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, QEMU VM, with Deno 2.1.4 and PostgreSQL 17.1 on localhost:
 
 Query `select * from pg_type`:
 
-```log
+```
     CPU | Common KVM Processor v2.0
 Runtime | Deno 2.1.4 (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
 
@@ -39,78 +39,78 @@ benchmark       time/iter (avg)        iter/s      (min … max)           p75
 --------------- ----------------------------- --------------------- --------------------------
 
 group select n=1
-pglue                    8.3 ms         120.4 (  7.2 ms …  14.4 ms)   8.5 ms  14.4 ms  14.4 ms
+pglue                    8.8 ms         113.8 (  7.2 ms …  11.8 ms)   9.7 ms  11.8 ms  11.8 ms
-postgres-js             10.8 ms          92.3 (  8.1 ms …  26.5 ms)  10.7 ms  26.5 ms  26.5 ms
+postgres.js             10.8 ms          92.3 (  8.1 ms …  22.0 ms)  11.2 ms  22.0 ms  22.0 ms
-deno-postgres           37.1 ms          26.9 ( 33.4 ms …  41.3 ms)  38.5 ms  41.3 ms  41.3 ms
+deno-postgres           38.9 ms          25.7 ( 23.5 ms …  51.9 ms)  40.3 ms  51.9 ms  51.9 ms
 
 summary
   pglue
-     1.30x faster than postgres-js
+     1.23x faster than postgres.js
-     4.47x faster than deno-postgres
+     4.42x faster than deno-postgres
 
 group select n=5
-pglue                   39.9 ms          25.1 ( 37.2 ms …  49.6 ms)  40.8 ms  49.6 ms  49.6 ms
+pglue                   40.1 ms          25.0 ( 36.1 ms …  48.2 ms)  40.7 ms  48.2 ms  48.2 ms
-postgres-js             42.4 ms          23.6 ( 36.5 ms …  61.8 ms)  44.2 ms  61.8 ms  61.8 ms
+postgres.js             48.7 ms          20.5 ( 38.9 ms …  61.2 ms)  52.7 ms  61.2 ms  61.2 ms
-deno-postgres          182.5 ms           5.5 (131.9 ms … 211.8 ms) 193.4 ms 211.8 ms 211.8 ms
+deno-postgres          184.7 ms           5.4 (166.5 ms … 209.5 ms) 190.7 ms 209.5 ms 209.5 ms
 
 summary
   pglue
-     1.06x faster than postgres-js
+     1.22x faster than postgres.js
-     4.57x faster than deno-postgres
+     4.61x faster than deno-postgres
 
 group select n=10
-pglue                   78.9 ms          12.7 ( 72.3 ms …  88.9 ms)  82.5 ms  88.9 ms  88.9 ms
+pglue                   80.7 ms          12.4 ( 73.5 ms …  95.4 ms)  82.2 ms  95.4 ms  95.4 ms
-postgres-js             92.0 ms          10.9 ( 77.6 ms … 113.6 ms) 101.2 ms 113.6 ms 113.6 ms
+postgres.js             89.1 ms          11.2 ( 82.5 ms … 101.7 ms)  94.4 ms 101.7 ms 101.7 ms
-deno-postgres          326.6 ms           3.1 (208.8 ms … 406.0 ms) 388.8 ms 406.0 ms 406.0 ms
+deno-postgres          375.3 ms           2.7 (327.4 ms … 393.9 ms) 390.7 ms 393.9 ms 393.9 ms
 
 summary
   pglue
-     1.17x faster than postgres-js
+     1.10x faster than postgres.js
-     4.14x faster than deno-postgres
+     4.65x faster than deno-postgres
 ```
 
 Query `insert into my_table (a, b, c) values (${a}, ${b}, ${c})`:
 
-```log
+```
 group insert n=1
-pglue                  303.3 µs         3,297 (165.6 µs …   2.4 ms) 321.6 µs   1.1 ms   2.4 ms
+pglue                  259.2 µs         3,858 (165.4 µs …   2.8 ms) 258.0 µs 775.4 µs   2.8 ms
-postgres-js            260.4 µs         3,840 (132.9 µs …   2.7 ms) 276.4 µs   1.1 ms   2.7 ms
+postgres.js            235.9 µs         4,239 (148.8 µs …   1.2 ms) 250.3 µs 577.4 µs 585.6 µs
-deno-postgres          281.6 µs         3,552 (186.1 µs …   1.5 ms) 303.8 µs 613.6 µs 791.8 µs
+deno-postgres          306.7 µs         3,260 (198.8 µs …   1.3 ms) 325.9 µs   1.0 ms   1.3 ms
 
 summary
   pglue
-     1.17x slower than postgres-js
+     1.10x slower than postgres.js
-     1.08x slower than deno-postgres
+     1.18x faster than deno-postgres
 
 group insert n=10
-pglue                    1.1 ms         878.5 (605.5 µs …   3.2 ms)   1.1 ms   2.2 ms   3.2 ms
+pglue                  789.7 µs         1,266 (553.2 µs …   2.7 ms) 783.4 µs   2.4 ms   2.7 ms
-postgres-js            849.3 µs         1,177 (529.5 µs …  10.1 ms) 770.6 µs   3.0 ms  10.1 ms
+postgres.js            755.6 µs         1,323 (500.5 µs …   3.4 ms) 795.0 µs   2.8 ms   3.4 ms
-deno-postgres            2.3 ms         439.4 (  1.4 ms …   4.9 ms)   2.5 ms   4.1 ms   4.9 ms
+deno-postgres            2.2 ms         458.1 (  1.6 ms …   5.2 ms)   2.3 ms   4.8 ms   5.2 ms
 
 summary
   pglue
-     1.34x slower than postgres-js
+     1.04x slower than postgres.js
-     2.00x faster than deno-postgres
+     2.76x faster than deno-postgres
 
 group insert n=100
-pglue                    8.3 ms         121.0 (  5.0 ms …  13.6 ms)   9.3 ms  13.6 ms  13.6 ms
+pglue                    5.8 ms         172.0 (  3.2 ms …   9.9 ms)   6.8 ms   9.9 ms   9.9 ms
-postgres-js             13.0 ms          76.7 (  9.0 ms …  26.9 ms)  14.1 ms  26.9 ms  26.9 ms
+postgres.js             13.0 ms          76.8 (  8.6 ms …  20.8 ms)  15.4 ms  20.8 ms  20.8 ms
-deno-postgres           19.8 ms          50.5 ( 14.2 ms …  31.8 ms)  22.5 ms  31.8 ms  31.8 ms
+deno-postgres           18.5 ms          54.1 ( 14.3 ms …  32.1 ms)  20.0 ms  32.1 ms  32.1 ms
 
 summary
   pglue
-     1.58x faster than postgres-js
+     2.24x faster than postgres.js
-     2.40x faster than deno-postgres
+     3.18x faster than deno-postgres
 
 group insert n=200
-pglue                   15.1 ms          66.2 (  9.4 ms …  21.1 ms)  16.8 ms  21.1 ms  21.1 ms
+pglue                    8.8 ms         113.4 (  6.0 ms …  14.1 ms)  10.0 ms  14.1 ms  14.1 ms
-postgres-js             27.8 ms          36.0 ( 22.5 ms …  39.2 ms)  30.2 ms  39.2 ms  39.2 ms
+postgres.js             28.2 ms          35.5 ( 21.1 ms …  47.0 ms)  29.6 ms  47.0 ms  47.0 ms
-deno-postgres           40.6 ms          24.6 ( 33.5 ms …  51.4 ms)  42.2 ms  51.4 ms  51.4 ms
+deno-postgres           37.0 ms          27.0 ( 32.0 ms …  48.1 ms)  39.4 ms  48.1 ms  48.1 ms
 
 summary
   pglue
-     1.84x faster than postgres-js
+     3.20x faster than postgres.js
-     2.68x faster than deno-postgres
+     4.20x faster than deno-postgres
 ```
 
 [1]: https://github.com/porsager/postgres

bench.ts

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ for (const n of [1, 5, 10]) {
   });
 
   Deno.bench({
-    name: `postgres-js`,
+    name: `postgres.js`,
     group: `select n=${n}`,
     async fn(b) {
       await bench_select(b, n, () => c_pgjs`select * from pg_type`);
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ for (const n of [1, 10, 100, 200]) {
   });
 
   Deno.bench({
-    name: `postgres-js`,
+    name: `postgres.js`,
     group: `insert n=${n}`,
     async fn(b) {
       await c_pgjs`begin`;

wire.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import {
   type BinaryLike,
+  buf_concat,
   buf_concat_fast,
   buf_eq,
   buf_xor,
@@ -7,8 +8,9 @@ import {
   from_base64,
   from_utf8,
   jit,
+  type Receiver,
   semaphore,
-  semaphore_fast,
+  type Sender,
   to_base64,
   to_utf8,
   TypedEmitter,
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ export class PostgresError extends WireError {
   }
 }
 
-function severity_level(s: string): LogLevel {
+function severity_log_level(s: string): LogLevel {
   switch (s) {
     case "DEBUG":
       return "debug";
@@ -476,57 +478,38 @@ export interface Channel
 }
 
 export async function wire_connect(options: WireOptions) {
-  const { host, port } = options;
+  const wire = new Wire(options);
-  const wire = new Wire(await socket_connect(host, port), options);
+  return await wire.connect(), wire;
-  return await wire.connected, wire;
-}
-
-async function socket_connect(hostname: string, port: number) {
-  if (hostname.startsWith("/")) {
-    const path = join(hostname, `.s.PGSQL.${port}`);
-    return await Deno.connect({ transport: "unix", path });
-  } else {
-    const socket = await Deno.connect({ transport: "tcp", hostname, port });
-    return socket.setNoDelay(), socket.setKeepAlive(), socket;
-  }
 }
 
 export class Wire extends TypedEmitter<WireEvents> implements Disposable {
-  readonly #socket;
   readonly #params;
-  readonly #auth;
+  readonly #connect;
-  readonly #connected;
   readonly #query;
   readonly #begin;
   readonly #listen;
   readonly #notify;
   readonly #close;
 
-  get socket() {
-    return this.#socket;
-  }
-
   get params() {
     return this.#params;
   }
 
-  get connected() {
+  constructor(options: WireOptions) {
-    return this.#connected;
-  }
-
-  constructor(socket: Deno.Conn, options: WireOptions) {
     super();
     ({
       params: this.#params,
-      auth: this.#auth,
+      connect: this.#connect,
       query: this.#query,
       begin: this.#begin,
       listen: this.#listen,
       notify: this.#notify,
       close: this.#close,
-    } = wire_impl(this, socket, options));
+    } = wire_impl(this, options));
-    this.#socket = socket;
+  }
-    (this.#connected = this.#auth()).catch(close);
+
+  connect() {
+    return this.#connect();
   }
 
   query<T = Row>(sql: SqlFragment): Query<T>;
@@ -580,112 +563,164 @@ export class Wire extends TypedEmitter<WireEvents> implements Disposable {
   }
 }
 
-const msg_PD = object({ P: Parse, D: Describe });
+async function socket_connect(hostname: string, port: number) {
-const msg_BE = object({ B: Bind, E: Execute });
+  if (hostname.startsWith("/")) {
-const msg_BEc = object({ B: Bind, E: Execute, c: CopyDone });
+    const path = join(hostname, `.s.PGSQL.${port}`);
-const msg_BEcC = object({ B: Bind, E: Execute, c: CopyDone, C: Close });
+    return await Deno.connect({ transport: "unix", path });
+  } else {
+    const socket = await Deno.connect({ transport: "tcp", hostname, port });
+    return socket.setNoDelay(), socket.setKeepAlive(), socket;
+  }
+}
 
 function wire_impl(
   wire: Wire,
-  socket: Deno.Conn,
+  { host, port, user, database, password, runtime_params, types }: WireOptions
-  { user, database, password, runtime_params, types }: WireOptions
 ) {
+  // current runtime parameters as reported by postgres
   const params: Parameters = Object.create(null);
 
   function log(level: LogLevel, ctx: object, msg: string) {
     wire.emit("log", level, ctx, msg);
   }
 
+  // wire supports re-connection; socket and read/write channels are null when closed
+  let connected = false;
+  let socket: Deno.Conn | null = null;
+  let read_pop: Receiver<Uint8Array> | null = null;
+  let write_push: Sender<Uint8Array> | null = null;
+
   async function read<T>(type: Encoder<T>) {
-    const msg = await read_recv();
+    const msg = read_pop !== null ? await read_pop() : null;
-    if (msg === null) throw new WireError(`connection closed`);
+    if (msg !== null) return ser_decode(type, msg_check_err(msg));
-    else return ser_decode(type, msg_check_err(msg));
+    else throw new WireError(`connection closed`);
   }
 
-  async function read_raw() {
+  async function read_msg() {
-    const msg = await read_recv();
+    const msg = read_pop !== null ? await read_pop() : null;
-    if (msg === null) throw new WireError(`connection closed`);
+    if (msg !== null) return msg;
-    else return msg;
+    else throw new WireError(`connection closed`);
   }
 
-  async function* read_socket() {
+  async function read_socket(socket: Deno.Conn, push: Sender<Uint8Array>) {
-    const buf = new Uint8Array(64 * 1024);
+    let err;
-    for (let n; (n = await socket.read(buf)) !== null; )
-      yield buf.subarray(0, n);
-  }
-
-  const read_recv = channel.receiver<Uint8Array>(async function read(send) {
-    let err: unknown;
     try {
-      let buf = new Uint8Array();
+      const header_size = 5;
-      for await (const chunk of read_socket()) {
+      const read_buf = new Uint8Array(64 * 1024); // shared buffer for all socket reads
-        buf = buf_concat_fast(buf, chunk);
+      let buf = new Uint8Array(); // concatenated messages read so far
 
-        for (let n; (n = ser_decode(Header, buf).length + 1) <= buf.length; ) {
+      for (let read; (read = await socket.read(read_buf)) !== null; ) {
-          const msg = buf.subarray(0, n);
+        buf = buf_concat_fast(buf, read_buf.subarray(0, read)); // push read bytes to buf
-          buf = buf.subarray(n);
+        while (buf.length >= header_size) {
-
+          const size = ser_decode(Header, buf).length + 1;
-          switch (msg_type(msg)) {
+          if (buf.length < size) break;
-            // https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-ASYNC
+          const msg = buf.subarray(0, size); // shift one message from buf
-            case NoticeResponse.type: {
+          buf = buf.subarray(size);
-              const { fields } = ser_decode(NoticeResponse, msg);
+          if (!handle_msg(msg)) push(msg);
-              const notice = new PostgresError(fields);
-              log(severity_level(notice.severity), notice, notice.message);
-              wire.emit("notice", notice);
-              continue;
-            }
-
-            case ParameterStatus.type: {
-              const { name, value } = ser_decode(ParameterStatus, msg);
-              const prev = params[name] ?? null;
-              Object.defineProperty(params, name, {
-                configurable: true,
-                enumerable: true,
-                value,
-              });
-              wire.emit("parameter", name, value, prev);
-              continue;
-            }
-
-            case NotificationResponse.type: {
-              const { channel, payload, process_id } = ser_decode(
-                NotificationResponse,
-                msg
-              );
-              wire.emit("notify", channel, payload, process_id);
-              channels.get(channel)?.emit("notify", payload, process_id);
-              continue;
-            }
-          }
-
-          send(msg);
         }
       }
 
+      // there should be nothing left in buf if we gracefully exited
       if (buf.length !== 0) throw new WireError(`unexpected end of stream`);
     } catch (e) {
-      throw ((err = e), e);
+      throw (err = e);
     } finally {
-      wire.emit("close", err);
+      if (connected) close(err);
     }
-  });
-
-  function write<T>(type: Encoder<T>, value: T) {
-    return write_raw(ser_encode(type, value));
   }
 
-  async function write_raw(buf: Uint8Array) {
+  function handle_msg(msg: Uint8Array) {
-    for (let i = 0, n = buf.length; i < n; )
+    switch (msg_type(msg)) {
-      i += await socket.write(buf.subarray(i));
+      // https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-ASYNC
+      case NoticeResponse.type: {
+        const { fields } = ser_decode(NoticeResponse, msg);
+        const notice = new PostgresError(fields);
+        log(severity_log_level(notice.severity), notice, notice.message);
+        wire.emit("notice", notice);
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      case ParameterStatus.type: {
+        const { name, value } = ser_decode(ParameterStatus, msg);
+        const prev = params[name] ?? null;
+        Object.defineProperty(params, name, {
+          configurable: true,
+          enumerable: true,
+          value,
+        });
+        wire.emit("parameter", name, value, prev);
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      case NotificationResponse.type: {
+        const { channel, payload, process_id } = ser_decode(
+          NotificationResponse,
+          msg
+        );
+        wire.emit("notify", channel, payload, process_id);
+        channels.get(channel)?.emit("notify", payload, process_id);
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  function write<T>(type: Encoder<T>, value: T) {
+    write_msg(ser_encode(type, value));
+  }
+
+  function write_msg(buf: Uint8Array) {
+    if (write_push !== null) write_push(buf);
+    else throw new WireError(`connection closed`);
+  }
+
+  async function write_socket(socket: Deno.Conn, pop: Receiver<Uint8Array>) {
+    let err;
+    try {
+      for (let buf; (buf = await pop()) !== null; ) {
+        const bufs = [buf]; // proactively dequeue more queued msgs synchronously, if any
+        for (let i = 1, buf; (buf = pop.try()) !== null; ) bufs[i++] = buf;
+        if (bufs.length !== 1) buf = buf_concat(bufs); // write queued msgs concatenated, reduce write syscalls
+        for (let i = 0, n = buf.length; i < n; )
+          i += await socket.write(buf.subarray(i));
+      }
+    } catch (e) {
+      throw (err = e);
+    } finally {
+      if (connected) close(err);
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function connect() {
+    using _rlock = await rlock();
+    using _wlock = await wlock();
+    if (connected) return;
+    try {
+      const s = (socket = await socket_connect(host, port));
+      read_pop = channel.receiver((push) => read_socket(s, push));
+      write_push = channel.sender((pop) => write_socket(s, pop));
+      await handle_auth(); // run auth with rw lock
+      connected = true;
+    } catch (e) {
+      throw (close(e), e);
+    }
   }
 
   function close(reason?: unknown) {
-    socket.close(), read_recv.close(reason);
+    socket?.close(), (socket = null);
+    read_pop?.close(reason), (read_pop = null);
+    write_push?.close(reason), (write_push = null);
+    for (const name of Object.keys(params))
+      delete (params as Record<string, string>)[name];
+    st_cache.clear(), (st_ids = 0);
+    (tx_status = "I"), (tx_stack.length = 0);
+    connected &&= (wire.emit("close", reason), false);
   }
 
   // https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-FLOW-PIPELINING
-  const rlock = semaphore_fast();
+  const rlock = semaphore();
-  const wlock = semaphore_fast();
+  const wlock = semaphore();
 
   function pipeline<T>(
     w: () => void | PromiseLike<void>,
@@ -697,39 +732,38 @@ function wire_impl(
     });
   }
 
-  function pipeline_read<T>(r: () => T | PromiseLike<T>) {
+  async function pipeline_read<T>(r: () => T | PromiseLike<T>) {
-    return rlock(async function pipeline_read() {
+    using _lock = await rlock();
+    try {
+      return await r();
+    } finally {
       try {
-        return await r();
+        let msg;
-      } finally {
+        while (msg_type((msg = await read_msg())) !== ReadyForQuery.type);
-        try {
+        ({ tx_status } = ser_decode(ReadyForQuery, msg));
-          let msg;
+      } catch {
-          while (msg_type((msg = await read_raw())) !== ReadyForQuery.type);
+        // ignored
-          ({ tx_status } = ser_decode(ReadyForQuery, msg));
-        } catch {
-          // ignored
-        }
       }
-    });
+    }
   }
 
-  function pipeline_write<T>(w: () => T | PromiseLike<T>) {
+  async function pipeline_write<T>(w: () => T | PromiseLike<T>) {
-    return wlock(async function pipeline_write() {
+    using _lock = await wlock();
+    try {
+      return await w();
+    } finally {
       try {
-        return await w();
+        write(Sync, {});
-      } finally {
+      } catch {
-        try {
+        // ignored
-          await write(Sync, {});
-        } catch {
-          // ignored
-        }
       }
-    });
+    }
   }
 
   // https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/protocol-flow.html#PROTOCOL-FLOW-START-UP
-  async function auth() {
+  async function handle_auth() {
-    await write(StartupMessage, {
+    // always run within rw lock (see connect())
+    write(StartupMessage, {
       version: 196608,
       params: {
         application_name: "pglue",
@@ -744,7 +778,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     });
 
     auth: for (;;) {
-      const msg = msg_check_err(await read_raw());
+      const msg = msg_check_err(await read_msg());
       switch (msg_type(msg)) {
         case NegotiateProtocolVersion.type: {
           const { bad_options } = ser_decode(NegotiateProtocolVersion, msg);
@@ -762,7 +796,7 @@ function wire_impl(
           throw new WireError(`kerberos authentication is deprecated`);
 
         case 3: // AuthenticationCleartextPassword
-          await write(PasswordMessage, { password });
+          write(PasswordMessage, { password });
           continue;
 
         case 5: // AuthenticationMD5Password
@@ -778,7 +812,7 @@ function wire_impl(
 
         // AuthenticationSASL
         case 10:
-          await auth_sasl();
+          await handle_auth_sasl();
           continue;
 
         default:
@@ -786,8 +820,9 @@ function wire_impl(
       }
     }
 
+    // wait for ready
     ready: for (;;) {
-      const msg = msg_check_err(await read_raw());
+      const msg = msg_check_err(await read_msg());
       switch (msg_type(msg)) {
         case BackendKeyData.type:
           continue; // ignored
@@ -797,11 +832,18 @@ function wire_impl(
           break ready;
       }
     }
+
+    // re-listen previously registered channels
+    await Promise.all(
+      channels
+        .keys()
+        .map((name) => query(sql`listen ${sql.ident(name)}`).execute())
+    );
   }
 
   // https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/sasl-authentication.html#SASL-SCRAM-SHA-256
   // https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5802
-  async function auth_sasl() {
+  async function handle_auth_sasl() {
     const bits = 256;
     const hash = `SHA-${bits}`;
     const mechanism = `SCRAM-${hash}`;
@@ -858,7 +900,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     )}`;
     const client_first_message_bare = `${username},${initial_nonce}`;
     const client_first_message = `${gs2_header}${client_first_message_bare}`;
-    await write(SASLInitialResponse, { mechanism, data: client_first_message });
+    write(SASLInitialResponse, { mechanism, data: client_first_message });
 
     const server_first_message_str = from_utf8(
       (await read(AuthenticationSASLContinue)).data
@@ -877,7 +919,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     const client_proof = buf_xor(client_key, client_signature);
     const proof = `p=${to_base64(client_proof)}`;
     const client_final_message = `${client_final_message_without_proof},${proof}`;
-    await write(SASLResponse, { data: client_final_message });
+    write(SASLResponse, { data: client_final_message });
 
     const server_key = await hmac(salted_password, "Server Key");
     const server_signature = await hmac(server_key, auth_message);
@@ -897,29 +939,28 @@ function wire_impl(
     readonly name = `__st${st_ids++}`;
     constructor(readonly query: string) {}
 
-    parse_task: Promise<{
+    #parse_task: Promise<{
       ser_params: ParameterSerializer;
       Row: RowConstructor;
     }> | null = null;
 
     parse() {
-      return (this.parse_task ??= this.#parse());
+      return (this.#parse_task ??= this.#parse());
     }
 
     async #parse() {
       try {
         const { name, query } = this;
         return await pipeline(
-          () =>
+          () => {
-            write(msg_PD, {
+            write(Parse, { statement: name, query, param_types: [] });
-              P: { statement: name, query, param_types: [] },
+            write(Describe, { which: "S", name });
-              D: { which: "S", name },
+          },
-            }),
           async () => {
             await read(ParseComplete);
             const ser_params = make_param_ser(await read(ParameterDescription));
 
-            const msg = msg_check_err(await read_raw());
+            const msg = msg_check_err(await read_msg());
             const Row =
               msg_type(msg) === NoData.type
                 ? EmptyRow
@@ -929,13 +970,13 @@ function wire_impl(
           }
         );
       } catch (e) {
-        throw ((this.parse_task = null), e);
+        throw ((this.#parse_task = null), e);
       }
     }
 
-    portals = 0;
+    #portals = 0;
     portal() {
-      return `${this.name}_${this.portals++}`;
+      return `${this.name}_${this.#portals++}`;
     }
   }
 
@@ -944,6 +985,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     (params: unknown[]): (string | null)[];
   }
 
+  // makes function to serialize query parameters
   function make_param_ser({ param_types }: ParameterDescription) {
     return jit.compiled<ParameterSerializer>`function ser_params(xs) {
       return [
@@ -960,6 +1002,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     new (columns: (BinaryLike | null)[]): Row;
   }
 
+  // makes function to create Row objects
   const EmptyRow = make_row_ctor({ columns: [] });
   function make_row_ctor({ columns }: RowDescription) {
     const Row = jit.compiled<RowConstructor>`function Row(xs) {
@@ -998,7 +1041,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     stdout: WritableStream<Uint8Array> | null
   ) {
     for (let rows = [], i = 0; ; ) {
-      const msg = msg_check_err(await read_raw());
+      const msg = msg_check_err(await read_msg());
       switch (msg_type(msg)) {
         default:
         case DataRow.type:
@@ -1034,7 +1077,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     if (stream !== null) {
       const writer = stream.getWriter();
       try {
-        for (let msg; msg_type((msg = await read_raw())) !== CopyDone.type; ) {
+        for (let msg; msg_type((msg = await read_msg())) !== CopyDone.type; ) {
           const { data } = ser_decode(CopyData, msg_check_err(msg));
           await writer.write(to_utf8(data));
         }
@@ -1046,7 +1089,7 @@ function wire_impl(
         writer.releaseLock();
       }
     } else {
-      while (msg_type(msg_check_err(await read_raw())) !== CopyDone.type);
+      while (msg_type(msg_check_err(await read_msg())) !== CopyDone.type);
     }
   }
 
@@ -1055,16 +1098,16 @@ function wire_impl(
       const reader = stream.getReader();
       try {
         for (let next; !(next = await reader.read()).done; )
-          await write(CopyData, { data: next.value });
+          write(CopyData, { data: next.value });
-        await write(CopyDone, {});
+        write(CopyDone, {});
       } catch (e) {
-        await write(CopyFail, { cause: String(e) });
+        write(CopyFail, { cause: String(e) });
         throw e;
       } finally {
         reader.releaseLock();
       }
     } else {
-      await write(CopyDone, {});
+      write(CopyDone, {});
     }
   }
 
@@ -1073,20 +1116,20 @@ function wire_impl(
     stdin: ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null,
     stdout: WritableStream<Uint8Array> | null
   ): ResultStream<Row> {
-    log("debug", { query: query }, `executing simple query`);
+    yield* await pipeline(
-
+      () => {
-    const { chunks, err } = await pipeline(
+        log("debug", { query }, `executing simple query`);
-      async () => {
+        write(QueryMessage, { query });
-        await write(QueryMessage, { query });
+        write_copy_in(stdin);
-        return write_copy_in(stdin);
       },
       async () => {
         for (let chunks = [], err; ; ) {
-          const msg = await read_raw();
+          const msg = await read_msg();
           switch (msg_type(msg)) {
             default:
             case ReadyForQuery.type:
-              return { chunks, err };
+              if (err) throw err;
+              else return chunks;
 
             case RowDescription.type: {
               const Row = make_row_ctor(ser_decode(RowDescription, msg));
@@ -1110,8 +1153,6 @@ function wire_impl(
       }
     );
 
-    yield* chunks;
-    if (err) throw err;
     return { tag: "" };
   }
 
@@ -1121,12 +1162,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     stdin: ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null,
     stdout: WritableStream<Uint8Array> | null
   ): ResultStream<Row> {
-    log(
+    const { query, name: statement } = st;
-      "debug",
-      { query: st.query, statement: st.name, params },
-      `executing query`
-    );
-
     const { ser_params, Row } = await st.parse();
     const param_values = ser_params(params);
     const portal = st.portal();
@@ -1134,23 +1170,17 @@ function wire_impl(
     try {
       const { rows, tag } = await pipeline(
         async () => {
-          const B = {
+          log("debug", { query, statement, params }, `executing query`);
+          write(Bind, {
             portal,
             statement: st.name,
             param_formats: [],
             param_values,
             column_formats: [],
-          };
+          });
-          const E = { portal, row_limit: 0 };
+          write(Execute, { portal, row_limit: 0 });
-          const C = { which: "P" as const, name: portal };
+          await write_copy_in(stdin);
-
+          write(Close, { which: "P", name: portal });
-          if (stdin !== null) {
-            await write(msg_BE, { B, E });
-            await write_copy_in(stdin);
-            return write(Close, C);
-          } else {
-            return write(msg_BEcC, { B, E, c: {}, C });
-          }
         },
         async () => {
           await read(BindComplete);
@@ -1163,7 +1193,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     } catch (e) {
       try {
         await pipeline(
-          () => write(Close, { which: "P" as const, name: portal }),
+          () => write(Close, { which: "P", name: portal }),
           () => read(CloseComplete)
         );
       } catch {
@@ -1181,34 +1211,24 @@ function wire_impl(
     stdin: ReadableStream<Uint8Array> | null,
     stdout: WritableStream<Uint8Array> | null
   ): ResultStream<Row> {
-    log(
+    const { query, name: statement } = st;
-      "debug",
-      { query: st.query, statement: st.name, params },
-      `executing chunked query`
-    );
-
     const { ser_params, Row } = await st.parse();
     const param_values = ser_params(params);
     const portal = st.portal();
 
     try {
       let { done, rows, tag } = await pipeline(
-        async () => {
+        () => {
-          const B = {
+          log("debug", { query, statement, params }, `executing chunked query`);
+          write(Bind, {
             portal,
             statement: st.name,
             param_formats: [],
             param_values,
             column_formats: [],
-          };
+          });
-          const E = { portal, row_limit: chunk_size };
+          write(Execute, { portal, row_limit: chunk_size });
-
+          return write_copy_in(stdin);
-          if (stdin !== null) {
-            await write(msg_BE, { B, E });
-            return write_copy_in(stdin);
-          } else {
-            return write(msg_BEc, { B, E, c: {} });
-          }
         },
         async () => {
           await read(BindComplete);
@@ -1230,7 +1250,7 @@ function wire_impl(
       return { tag };
     } finally {
       await pipeline(
-        () => write(Close, { which: "P" as const, name: portal }),
+        () => write(Close, { which: "P", name: portal }),
         () => read(CloseComplete)
       );
     }
@@ -1358,7 +1378,7 @@ function wire_impl(
     }
   };
 
-  return { params, auth, query, begin, listen, notify, close };
+  return { params, connect, query, begin, listen, notify, close };
 }
 
 export interface PoolOptions extends WireOptions {
@@ -1517,9 +1537,8 @@ function pool_impl(
   };
 
   async function connect() {
-    const { host, port } = options;
+    const wire = new PoolWire(options);
-    const wire = new PoolWire(await socket_connect(host, port), options);
+    await wire.connect(), all.add(wire);
-    await wire.connected, all.add(wire);
     const { connection_id } = wire;
     return wire
       .on("log", (l, c, s) => pool.emit("log", l, { ...c, connection_id }, s))